一、考试时间
2025年12月21日（15周周日）15:00—17:00
二、考试范围
教材：新一代大学英语综合教程1（提高篇）
- Unit 4 The art of living
- Unit 5 A taste of culture
- Unit 6 Future or fiction?
- Unit 8 Career 2.0
2024年6月三套大学英语四级真题
三、题型、分值构成
| 题型 | 分值 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|
| 口语（提交视频） | 20分 | 详见口语期末考试说明 |
| 听力（新闻、对话、篇章） | 20分 | 10分出自2024.6四级听力真题；10分其他四级听力真题 |
| 阅读（快速阅读、仔细阅读） | 30分 | 快速阅读（10分）：Unit4、5、6、8（iExplore1）； 仔细阅读(20分):10分出自2024.6四级三套真题；10分课外 |
| 翻译（5个句子） | 15分 | Unit4、5、6、8（iExplore2）课后翻译练习 |
| 写作 | 15分 | 2024.6四级真题作文 |
四、考试答题纸1和答题纸2填涂说明
- 客观题答题，必须使用2B铅笔填涂，按题号填涂。
- 主观题作文部分：使用黑色签字笔作答，字迹工整，禁止使用
听力
自己翻pdf
快速阅读(段落匹配)
Unit 4, 5, 6, 8(iExplore1)
Unit 4: The art of living
第1段
原文：While the classic American Dream is to own everything – cars, homes, luxury items and such, millennials are creating their own version of the American Dream: sharing with access, without owning.
段大意：对比传统美国梦（拥有物品）与千禧一代的美国梦（共享使用而非拥有）
第2段
原文：“For some of these millennials, access is more important than ownership – and that’s why the ‘No Strings Economy,’ also referred to as the Sharing Economy, holds so much appeal. It gives them access to things they may not have the financial resources to afford otherwise, alternatively it alleviates them of the burden and responsibility of owning something completely,” exclaims Sheryl Connelly, Global Trends and Futuring Manager at Ford Motor Company.
段大意：解释共享经济受千禧一代欢迎的原因（重视使用权＞所有权，既获得负担不起的物品，又减轻拥有的负担）
第3段
原文：Millennials, born 1980-2000, are a generation 92 million strong. They stand to inherit large amounts of wealth and will control the spending power in the US for quite some time. This generation has grown up with immense uncertainty, being witness to the 2008-2009 stock market catastrophe and partners-in-crime that has wrapped students in debt. These have left lasting reminders for millennials that owning things might not be the smartest financial decision.
段大意：介绍千禧一代的基本特征（人数、消费力），以及经济不确定性经历让他们认为“拥有物品并非明智财务选择”
第4段
原文：According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, in 2013 60% of all millennials were interested in renting vs. owning all types of goods and services. With the surge of non-traditional renting options for millennials, everything from cars, to clothing, to music, to vacations, companies have been working enthusiastically to provide a continuing source of new products and innovations to meet the millennial needs.
段大意：OECD数据显示千禧一代偏好租赁，非传统租赁选项增多，企业因此创新产品满足其需求
第5段
原文：Penn Schoen Berland (PSB), an independent research company, conducted a poll on behalf of Ford Motor Company among 1,000 Generation Z and Generation Y respondents in the US. There were some surprising results regarding the millennial sharing generation:
- For Gen Y and Gen Z, the sharing economy is above all an opportunity to save money (more than half say saving money is an advantage to sharing goods and services).
- 1 in 3 millennials are interested in renting out their own stuff as a way to earn extra money.
- Respondents share because it gives them the opportunity to try out new products (40%) and have access to more options (33%).
- “Rides in a Car” takes No. 2 spot in list of items young Americans are most open to sharing following books.
段大意：PSB调研结果：千禧一代参与共享经济的动机（省钱、赚外快等）及愿意共享的物品排名
第6段
原文：What does this mean for corporations like Ford? While millennials are certainly still buying cars, the when and how they use their car is what is changing for this demographic. Between Ford’s GoDrive car-sharing service in London, to their Car Swap and City Driving on-demand service, they plan to stay current and relevant with the millennial generation offering them exactly what they want – ownership, access and the ability to share.
段大意：以Ford为例，说明企业如何适配千禧一代的用车习惯（推出共享/按需服务，兼顾所有权与使用权）
第7段
原文：GoDrive is an on-demand, public car-sharing pilot. The service offers customers flexible, practical and affordable access to a fleet of cars for one-way journeys with easy parking throughout London.
段大意：具体介绍Ford的GoDrive服务：伦敦按需共享租车，特点是灵活、实惠、单程易停车
第8段
原文：Companies like Uber, Spotify and Airbnb are all recent success stories that also speak to the new sharing economy. In years past the idea of renting someone’s apartment for a vacation stay was nothing short of a foreign concept to millennials. Airbnb has created an entirely new way of traveling for millennials, providing access to properties ranging from intimate to exotic all around the world with competitive pricing that most major hotel chains can’t compete against.
段大意：举Uber/Airbnb等例子，说明共享经济的成功（Airbnb改变千禧一代旅行方式，价格优于酒店）
第9段
原文：Millennials have broadened their idea of sharing beyond luxuries like cars and vacations. Rent the Runway, a popular online retailer offering designer dresses and accessories for rent, has surged to success among millennial women where luxury designers might have normally been out of their financial reach.
段大意：千禧一代的共享范围扩展到时尚领域，Rent the Runway通过租赁设计师服饰吸引目标群体
第10段
原文：“Not only is Rent the Runway the smart choice of women who value experiences over possessions, it’s also the modern one. In today’s sharing economy, our customer gets around the city via Uber, she listens to her music on Spotify and she uses Airbnb when she travels. We are the first company to allow her to approach fashion in the same way,” states Wellington Fonseca, SVP of Marketing.
段大意：引用Rent the Runway高管的话，说明其服务契合共享经济下千禧一代的生活方式
第11段
原文：Millennials’ need for sharing is not just about finances, but rather their insatiable desire to refresh a product or service as fast as they do their social media feeds. Fonseca persists in the belief that “Rent the Runway’s unlimited service is the cure for fast fashion. It offers women a subscription to fashion, giving them access to designer statement pieces on a rotating basis, so they can augment their closet staples with quality, desirable pieces.”
段大意：说明千禧一代共享的需求不仅是财务，还有“快速更新”的欲望，Rent the Runway的订阅服务满足该需求
第12段
原文：Being 92 million strong, the sharing economy that millennials have created is a trend that is sure to be long-lasting. With companies like Ford and Rent the Runway already recognizing the significance of the millennial sharing economy, this proves to be a feasible space for future innovation and product creation for years to come.
段大意：总结千禧一代的共享经济是长期趋势，是企业未来创新的可行领域
Unit 5
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原文：You can learn culture through cuisine. Next to living within a country and speaking the language, food is one of the most important means to understand a culture.
大意：美食是理解文化的重要方式之一（仅次于在当地生活、说当地语言）。 -
原文：The way we consume and acquire it, the fashion in which it gets cooked and by whom, who is invited to the table and who eats first, such tradition is a form of nonverbal communication – a social code abundant with meaning.
大意：美食相关的消费、烹饪、就餐礼仪等传统，是具有丰富意义的非语言社交准则。 -
原文：Cuisine is a source of pleasure and pride, elevating the basic act of eating from a purely biological necessity to an art. In many places of the world it is one of the main instruments of socialization and identification.
大意：美食是愉悦与自豪的来源，能将进食从生理需求升华为艺术；在世界多地，美食是社交和身份认同的核心工具。 -
原文：Every culture has designated what it considers to be edible, which type of animal can be eaten and how it should be prepared – Judaism and Islam being among the most prominent instances. Food often is used symbolically by nations; it tells us what is important to them and can educate us about their history.
大意：不同文化对“可食用食物/动物”“烹饪方式”有不同界定（如犹太教、伊斯兰教）；食物常被国家用作象征，能体现其价值观与历史。 -
原文：Zhongguoren de kouwei, food cooked to Chinese taste, is a simple expression comprising a culinary tradition with a long-standing history and thousands of named dishes. The flavours are so diverse it blew me away when I sampled the real thing on my first visit to China.
大意：中国菜（“中国人的口味”）是历史悠久、菜品数千的烹饪传统，作者首次访华时被其多样风味震撼。 -
原文：On that trip (before I became a vegetarian, and I have to say I never found a more varied vegetarian cuisine than in China) I made up my mind to eat anything my hosts would put in front of me. A decision that took courage, considering the Chinese word for animal is dongwu (moving thing).
大意：作者首次访华（成为素食者前）决定尝试主人提供的所有食物，这需要勇气（因中文“动物”意为“moving thing”）。 -
原文：I tried Sichuanese snails, bird’s nests, fried scorpions, sea cucumber – which I found so delicious I had three servings, to the delight of my generous hosts – and frogspawn in a delicate vanilla-cream filled pastry. After all, taste is an acquired thing; a lobster is not much more than a cockroach of the sea and cheese is arguably rotten milk.
大意：作者尝试了四川蜗牛、燕窝、炸蝎子等中国食物（海参吃了三份），认为“口味是后天养成的”，并举例类比（如龙虾像海蟑螂、奶酪像变质牛奶）。 -
原文：While there, I fell in love with the philosophy behind food in China. The principles of yin and yang – hot and cold, male and female – lie at the heart of Chinese cuisine and can be found in any of its dishes. While certain foods are regarded as having warming, or yang, properties, other foods have cooling, or yin, properties. The goal is maintaining a balance between yin and yang.
大意：作者喜爱中国美食背后的阴阳哲学——中国菜讲究冷热/雌雄（阴阳），食物分温热（阳）、清凉（阴），目标是保持阴阳平衡。 -
原文：Illnesses are more often treated with herbal teas and dietary changes than with pills, the idea being that the kind and the amount of food one consumes is directly related to one’s health. Diet is used as a means of prevention from illness and as a cure. Food, therefore, is medicine.
大意：在中国，疾病常通过草本茶和饮食调整治疗，认为食物与健康直接相关，饮食是防病治病的方式（食物即药）。 -
原文：Few other cultures are as food-oriented as the Chinese. A meal with friends or family can easily become a several-hour affair. For the Chinese it is an opportunity to affirm the importance of the people they are spending time with. It would be rude to hurry through a meal.
大意：中国文化以食物为核心，亲友聚餐常持续数小时（是确认对方重要性的机会），匆忙吃饭是不礼貌的。 -
原文：In fact the meaning of eating is of such significance that one of the most common greetings when meeting one another, instead of “How are you?”, is “Have you eaten?”
大意：进食在中国意义重大，常见问候语不是“你好吗”而是“你吃了吗”。 -
原文：In the appreciation of culture, the importance of cuisine lies in its unlimited variety that is not essential for human survival. For mere survival people everywhere could eat the same basic types of food. The very fact that we all eat so intricately differently from each other reflects a deeper aspect of human existence: the way we understand ourselves in the context of the world. Whoever is aware of this holds the key for friendship, or at least a better understanding for one another. Something utterly necessary in a world that gets smaller every day.
大意：美食对文化的重要性在于其非生存必需的丰富多样性；各地饮食的差异反映了人类对自我的认知，理解这一点是建立友谊、增进理解的关键（在日益缩小的世界中很必要）。
Unit 6(重点 做过思维导图)
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原文：One thing I’ve learned in my work with Microsoft is that the process of innovation tends to take longer than many people expect, but it also tends to be more revolutionary than they imagine. We are seeing this dynamic play out right now in the way digital technology is fundamentally reorganizing life for the poorest people in the world.
大意：作者在微软工作了解到创新过程比预期久但更具革命性，当前数字技术正从根本上重构全球最贫困人口的生活。 -
原文：If there is an example of a market that simply does not work for the poor, it’s agriculture. But digital technology can change that.
大意：农业是对穷人不友好的市场典型案例，但数字技术能够改变这一现状。 -
原文：Right now, hundreds of millions of Africans rely on farming for a living, but they don’t grow as much — and they don’t sell as much of their surplus — as they could. As a result, Africa had to import $40 billion worth of food last year. Something is not functioning properly when half of the continent’s labor produces food, and the continent still buys its food from somewhere else!
大意：非洲数亿小农依赖农业却产量、销量不足，导致非洲去年进口400亿美元粮食，出现“半数劳动力产粮却仍需进口”的不合理状况。 -
原文：So what is going wrong? Why aren’t African smallholders tapping into that $40 billion market?
大意：提出疑问：非洲小农为何未能参与这个价值400亿美元的农业市场？ -
原文：The main problem stems from the fact that agricultural markets, like banks, exist on a formal plane, whereas smallholders exist on an informal one. So farmers and markets cannot communicate effectively. Smallholders don’t know what the market will pay. They can’t grow crops according to the market’s specifications. They have no way to learn the farm-management practices that would let them double or even triple their yields. Instead, they grow mostly what they can eat or trade locally, the way they’ve always grown it.
大意：核心问题是农业市场（正规）与小农（非正规）的层面脱节，导致双方信息不通：小农不了解市场价格、需求规格，也无高效种植方法，只能维持自给或本地交易的传统模式。 -
原文：As long as this information disconnect exists, there will be a related physical disconnect. The rails and roads that would take crops from the farm gate to the market don’t exist, because the market doesn’t want the crops the farmers are growing. In the ways and volumes they’re growing them. So farmers are isolated, stuck with no money and no voice that the marketplace can hear.
大意：信息断层会引发实体断层（缺乏运输设施），市场不需要小农当前种植的作物，最终导致小农孤立无援、既没钱也无法让市场听到其需求。 -
原文：But digital technology can act almost like a secret decoder ring that links the formal and informal sectors. Smallholders are already using mobile phones to communicate within their networks, to talk to family and friends. The institutions that make up the formal marketplace communicate in much the same way. So, it is now possible to generate a two-way conversation between Africa’s producers and Africa’s consumers — and this is an entirely new conversation. Each party will be able to express its needs to the other for the first time ever.
大意：数字技术可连接农业的正规与非正规部门（小农已用手机交流，正规市场也用类似方式沟通），如今能实现非洲生产者与消费者的双向交流，这是全新的沟通方式。 -
原文：Imagine a smallholder farmer who can discover, easily, that yams are expected to fetch a high price this year. She can also contact a local cooperative to combine her yams with those of her neighbor, satisfying the buyers’ volume requirements. Because she is assured of sale at harvest, she can afford to take out a loan, using her phone, to buy fertilizer or better storage or whatever else she needs to maximize her yield. In the meantime, instead of waiting for a visit from an extension worker who may or may not know about yams and the soil in this particular region, she can get advice tailored by crop and soil type via digital video or text.
大意：举例说明数字技术对小农的帮助：获取市场价格信息、联系合作社满足供应需求、通过手机贷款采购物资、获取定制化的种植建议。 -
原文：When information can flow easily, when data is democratized, the cost of doing business in agriculture goes way down, just as transaction costs go way down when financial transactions are digital. The excessive time and money farmers, agribusinesses, and cooperatives spend managing the risk of doing business with unknown partners is a drag on efficiency. When these partners can know each other easily — can function as nodes in a single marketplace — agriculture will flourish.
大意：信息顺畅、数据民主化会降低农业经营成本（类似数字金融降低交易成本），减少与陌生伙伴交易的风险成本，让农业参与方形成统一市场节点，进而促进农业繁荣。 -
原文：It’s not as easy as the above paragraphs may make it seem. Building a digital agriculture system that actually accomplishes these goals will take innovation and investment. But the point is that before it wasn’t possible, and now it is. The added variable of digital technology has changed the agricultural development equation.
Unit 8
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原文：What would things look like today if the great start-up companies of the past three or four decades had not come into existence? What would life be like without Apple or Microsoft? How about no Google or Facebook? No Amazon.com to change the way we shop? No Starbucks? I could go on. Maybe large companies would have stepped in to pioneer some of these changes in the ways we work and play and consume, in the efficiency of our economy, and the development of new computer hardware and software and drugs. But even so, it would have taken much longer for those changes to be fully realized.
大意：假设过去三四十年的知名初创企业（如苹果、谷歌等）未出现，生活将大不同；大公司或许也会推动相关变化，但进度会慢很多。 -
原文：America is a start-up nation: a living example of the process that Joseph Schumpeter memorably called “creative destruction.” Other nations may create superior products and even build world-dominating industries, but the very essence of America’s economic and cultural DNA is its ability to generate ever-new generations of start-ups, leading new technologies and business models, creating and transforming whole industries, powering job generation, and raising living standards. America generates start-ups that forever shift the nation’s whole economic structure.
大意：美国是“初创企业国家”，体现熊彼特的“创造性破坏”；其他国家可能产出更好产品，但美国的经济文化核心是持续催生初创企业，以此引领技术、重塑产业、创造就业，最终改变经济结构。 -
原文：Our start-up economy has its problems, of course. Nearly two decades ago, I worried that we were being misled by something I called “the breakthrough illusion.” I argued that our continued focus on start-ups was getting in the way of our ability to follow through – that we were giving up too many of the high-paying manufacturing jobs and technical expertise that flow from actually making things to other nations. Many of my fears have been borne out. Our start-up-fueled breakthrough bias has helped create an economy that is more adaptable but also more disruptive: It generates new industries while sacrificing old ones. The process of economic development becomes more uneven; innovation and growth are highly concentrated in certain places.
大意：初创企业经济存在问题：“突破幻觉”导致制造业岗位与技术专长流失，经济虽更具适应性但破坏性也强（催生新产业的同时牺牲旧产业），经济发展更不均衡，创新与增长集中在特定区域。 -
原文：Still you have to ask yourself: On balance, what kind of economy would you rather have – a dynamic, innovative, self-revolutionizing one, or a static one, built around older and potentially more vulnerable industries?
大意：提出核心疑问：综合来看，更倾向于选择动态、创新、自我革新的经济，还是围绕旧产业的静态经济？ -
原文：What makes some places more fertile ground for start-ups than others? Some believe there’s a simple, almost magical formula. “Take one great research university, add venture capital, and shake vigorously” is the way a Silicon Valley humorous person once put it. The past several decades have seen no shortage of efforts in the United States and around the world to build the next Silicon Valley. It should come as no surprise that very few of these efforts have succeeded.
大意：探讨“哪些地方更适合初创企业”：有人认为有简单配方（如顶尖大学+风投），但全球范围内复制硅谷的尝试大多失败。 -
原文：America’s start-up economy emerged out of a half-century or more of painstaking and deliberate effort. During the Great Depression and its aftermath, American thinkers, business leaders and entrepreneurs worried about our economy’s ability to recover its former vitality. But in places like Silicon Valley and the greater Boston area, new institutions were being developed. Frederic Terman, the famous MIT academic transplanted to Stanford, had pioneered the idea of “steeple building,” creating top faculty for new and commercially relevant disciplines and encouraging top students like “Bill” and “Dave” of Hewlett-Packard fame to spin off their companies, creating jobs for Stanford graduates, and spurring regional development. General Georges Doriot at Harvard was working out plans for one of the nation’s earliest venture-capital funds, the storied American Research and Development Corporation.
大意：美国初创企业经济是半个多世纪刻意努力的结果：大萧条后，硅谷、波士顿等地发展新机构（如斯坦福的特曼推动“尖塔建设”催生惠普，哈佛的多里奥特创立早期风投基金）。 -
原文：Silicon Valley was little more than orchards and fields back then. But a small group of pioneering entrepreneurs and venture financiers were developing a new model of venture capital-financed start-up innovation. Within a couple of decades, they did it: They created a powerful network and social structure for innovation, a culture that valued ideas instead of corporate hierarchies, and a venture-capital system that drew its resources from limited partners far and wide, that funded companies based on equity and shared risk – and that empowered and rewarded the techies who made it all possible.
大意：硅谷最初是果园，后来初创者与风险投资家建立了新的风险投资模式：形成创新网络与文化（重视创意而非层级），构建了基于股权、共享风险的风投体系，赋能技术人员。 -
原文：Silicon Valley is very much a product of open thinking. As brutal as the force of destruction has been for some of us in the contemporary economy, the power of creativity remains even greater. In this new growth culture, we not only help creative people start new businesses, no matter their background or country of origin, we also help them grow their businesses. That’s today’s winning combination.
大意：硅谷是开放思维的产物；尽管破坏式力量很猛烈，但创造力更强；当前的增长文化是帮助不同背景的人创业并发展业务，这是如今的成功模式。
仔细阅读
第一套
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Lao Zi once said, 1. “Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner.” People-pleasing, or seeking self-worth through others’ approval, is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life. Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves? If it’s true that you can’t please all people all of the time, wouldn’t it make sense to stop trying?
Unfortunately, sense often isn’t driving our behavior. For social beings who desire love and belonging, wanting to be liked, and caring about the effect we have on others, is healthy and allows us to make connections. However, where we get into trouble is when our self-worth is dependent upon whether we win someone’s approval or not.
2. People-pleasing, or seeking self-worth through others’ approval, is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life. This need to be liked can be traced back to when we were children and were completely dependent on others to take care of us. Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate, they are also trying to learn how the world works. We learn about who we are and what is expected of us based on interactions with others, so, to a four-year-old, if Mommy or Daddy doesn’t like him or her, there is the danger that they will abandon them. We need to understand that when we desperately want someone to approve of us, it’s being driven by that little kid part of us that is still terrified of abandonment.
As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you seek, your need for external validation will start to vanish, leaving you stronger, more confident, and yes, happier in your life. Imagine how much time we lose each moment we restrain our authentic selves in an effort to be liked.
If we base our worth on the opinions of others, we cheat ourselves of the power to shape our experiences and embrace life not only for others but also for ourselves, because ultimately, there is no difference. So embrace the cliché and love yourself as it’s highly doubtful that you’ll regret it.
题目及解析
- What can we conclude from Lao Zi’s quotation?
A) We should see through other people’s attempt to make a prisoner of us.
B) We can never really please other people even if we try as hard as we can.
C) We can never truly free if taking to heart others’ opinions of us.
D) We should care about other people’s view as much as they care about ours.
答案：C
解析：老子名言“Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner”核心含义为“在意他人看法就会成为其囚徒”，囚徒的本质是失去自由，因此可推导出“重视他人对自己的看法就无法真正自由”，对应选项C。A项曲解“prisoner”的含义，原文并非指他人“试图囚禁我们”；B项“无法取悦所有人”是后文观点，并非名言可直接得出的结论；D项“应像他人在意我们一样在意他人看法”与名言及原文主旨相悖。
- What will happen if we base our self-worth on other people’s approval?
A) Our desire to be loved will be fulfilled.
B) Our life will be unfruitful and exhausting.
C) Our identity as social beings will be affected.
D) Our sense of self will be sharpened and enhanced.
答案：B
解析：原文明确提到“People-pleasing, or seeking self-worth through others’ approval, is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life”，其中“seeking self-worth through others’ approval”与题干“base our self-worth on other people’s approval”语义一致，“unproductive”对应“unfruitful”，因此选项B正确。 A项“被爱的渴望会得到满足”原文未提及，且依赖他人认可未必能获得真爱；C项“社会属性会受影响”与原文“for social beings... wanting to be liked... is healthy”矛盾；D项“自我认知会增强”与原文强调的“陷入困境”不符。
- What may account for our need to be liked or approved of?
A) Our desperate longing for interactions with others.
B) Our understanding of the workings of the world.
C) Our knowledge about the pain of abandonment.
D) Our early childhood fear of being deserted.
答案：D
解析：原文指出“this need to be liked can be traced back to when we were children... if Mommy or Daddy doesn’t like him or her, there is the danger that they will abandon them... that little kid part of us that is still terrified of abandonment”，明确将“渴望被喜欢”的根源追溯到童年对“被抛弃”的恐惧，“abandon”与“desert”为同义替换，因此选项D正确。A项“渴望与他人互动”是社交属性的正常表现，并非“渴望被喜欢”的原因；B项“对世界运作方式的理解”是儿童学习的内容，而非该需求的根源；C项“了解被抛弃的痛苦”表述片面，原文强调的是“恐惧被抛弃”这一心理状态。
- What can we do when we become better able to provide ourselves with the desired approval?
A) Enjoy a happier life.
B) Exercise self-restraint.
C) Receive more external validation.
D) Strengthen our power of imagination.
答案：A
解析：原文明确说明“as you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you seek... leaving you stronger, more confident, and yes, happier in your life”，直接指出自我提供认可会让人更快乐，对应选项A。B项“自我约束”是为了取悦他人时的行为，与题干情境相反；C项“获得更多外部认可”与原文“需求外部认可会消失”相悖；D项“增强想象力”原文未提及，属于无关内容。
- What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?
A) Embrace life for ourselves and for others.
B) Base our worth on others’ opinions.
C) See our experiences as assets.
D) Love ourselves as we are.
答案：D
解析：最后一段结尾明确提出建议“So embrace the cliché and love yourself as it’s highly doubtful that you’ll regret it”，核心建议为“爱自己”，对应选项D。A项“为自己和他人拥抱生活”是对前文内容的陈述，并非最终建议；B项“将自我价值建立在他人看法上”是原文批判的观点；C项“将经历视为财富”原文未提及，无中生有。
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom. However, a growing body of research suggests that late-in-life learning is possible. In reality, education does an aging brain good.
Throughout life, people’s brains constantly renovate themselves. In the late 1960s, British brain scientist Geoffrey Raisman spied growth in damaged brain regions of rats through an electron microscope; their brains were forging new connections. This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new.
Of course, that doesn’t mean the brain isn’t affected by the effects of time. Just as height usually declines over the years, so does brain volume: Humans lose about 4 percent every decade starting in their 40s. But that reduction doesn’t necessarily make people think slower, as long as we are alive and functioning, we can alter our brains with new information and experiences.
In fact, scientists now suspect accumulating novel experiences, facts, and skills can keep people’s minds more flexible. New pathways can strengthen our ever-changing mental structure, even as the brain shrinks. Conventional fixes like word puzzles and brain-training apps can contribute to mental durability. Even something as simple as taking a different route to the grocery store or going somewhere new on vacation can keep the brain healthy.
A desire for new life challenges can further boost brainpower. Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease. Openness — a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge — may also help folks pass brain tests. Some folks are born with this take-in-the-world attitude, but those who aren’t as genetically gifted aren’t necessarily out of luck.While genes can encourage an interest in doing new things, a 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games can enhance that desire for novel experiences, which can, in turn, refresh the brain. That’s why brain scientist Richard Kennedy says “It's not that old dogs can’t learn new tricks. It’s that maybe old dogs don’t realize why they should.”
题目及解析
- What do some people think of aging adults?
A) Their wisdom grows as time goes by.
B) Their memory gradually deteriorates.
C) They can benefit from late-in-life learning.
D) They are likely to have mental health issues.
答案：B
解析：原文首句明确提到“Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom”，“slide into forgetfulness”意为“逐渐陷入健忘”，即记忆力衰退，对应选项B。A项“智慧随时间增长”与原文“并非走向智慧”相悖；C项“能从晚年学习中获益”是后文研究的观点，并非部分人的看法；D项“可能有心理健康问题”原文未提及，属于无中生有。
- What can we conclude from Geoffrey Raisman’s finding?
A) Brain damage seriously hinders one’s learning.
B) Brain power weakens slower than we imagine.
C) Brains can refresh and improve with learning.
D) Brains forge connections under new conditions.
答案：C
解析：Raisman的发现为“受损大鼠的大脑区域有生长，且在形成新连接”，原文进而总结“This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new”，即学习能让大脑发生积极改变，对应选项C。A项“脑损伤阻碍学习”与原文“受损大脑仍能生长”不符；B项“脑力衰退比想象慢”并非该发现的结论；D项“新条件下大脑形成连接”仅描述实验现象，未提炼出与“学习”相关的核心结论。
- What is one thing that helps maintain the health of our brain even as it shrinks?
A) Doing daily routines by conventional means.
B) Avoiding worrying about our mental durability.
C) Imitating old dogs’ way of learning new tricks.
D) Approaching everyday tasks in novel ways.
答案：D
解析：原文指出“accumulating novel experiences... can keep people’s minds more flexible”，并举例“走不同路线去杂货店”，即通过新颖方式处理日常事务，对应选项D。A项“按传统方式做日常事务”与“新颖体验”相悖；B项“避免担心脑力持久性”原文未提及；C项“模仿老狗学新技能的方式”是对末尾引言的曲解，引言核心是强调学习的必要性而非模仿动物。
- What does the author say can contribute to the improvement of brain function?
**A) Being curious and desiring knowledge.
B) Being eager to pass brain tests at an old age.
C) Rising to life’s challenges and avoiding risks.
D) Boosting immunity to serious mental diseases.
答案：A
解析：原文明确提到“Openness — a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge — may also help folks pass brain tests”，且前文指出“接受新挑战能提升脑力”，“好奇心和求知欲”是开放性的核心，可促进大脑功能提升，对应选项A。B项“渴望通过脑力测试”是结果而非原因；C项“接受挑战并规避风险”中“规避风险”原文未提及，原文仅说接受新事业能降低心理疾病风险；D项“增强对严重心理疾病的免疫力”是接受新挑战的结果之一，并非提升大脑功能的直接因素。
- What is the finding of the 2012 study in the Journal Psychology and Aging?
A) Wishing to solve puzzles enhances one’s reasoning power.
B) Playing number games unexpectedly stimulates one’s memory.
C) Desiring new experiences can help to renovate the brain.
D) Learning new tricks should not be confined to old dogs only.
答案：C
解析：原文明确说明该研究发现“completing reasoning tasks... can enhance that desire for novel experiences, which can, in turn, refresh the brain”，“refresh the brain”与“renovate the brain”为同义替换，核心是“渴望新体验能革新大脑”，对应选项C。A项“想解谜题提升推理能力”原文未提及，原文是“完成推理任务增强新体验渴望”；B项“数字游戏刺激记忆力”原文未明确关联，属于过度解读；D项“学新技能不应局限于老狗”是科学家的引言观点，并非该研究发现。
第二套
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
People often wonder why some entrepreneurs have greater success than others. Is it habits, connections, luck, work ethic or any other behavior? I believe the key to success is willpower. Willpower is the ability to control yourself. It is a strong determination that allows you to do something difficult. It is a behavior we are born with more than one we learn; however, it is possible to not only learn it, but also strengthen it with constant exercise.
Willpower is just like a muscle; to keep it strong you need to constantly exercise it. People with a great amount of willpower have the discipline to develop positive, successful habits. Even with an incredible amount of talent, without the discipline and motivation to create positive habits, it can be difficult to achieve success. Willpower and habits go hand in hand. It is critical to create habits and take the actions necessary to stick to those habits day in and day out for greater success. Almost half of our daily actions are part of our habits and not decisions, so once the correct habits are in place, you will automatically perform those tasks on a day-to-day basis.
The best way to create and stick to a habit is to have a strong motivation. It’s easier to change your habits to lose weight if you have a health issue and you want to be around longer for your kids, or if your business is something you’re passionate about. Having a valuable outcome associated with a habit will help you to stick to that habit permanently.
The art of self-control is one that most successful individuals have mastered. Self-control enables you to avoid behaviors that don’t contribute to your success and increase those that do. Because there is a delayed satisfaction associated with self-control, it can be easy to get off track. However, if you work on sticking to those small positive habits one day at a time, it becomes easier to stay strong and achieve that delayed reward. Once a reward is achieved, it is much easier to continue sticking to your habits.
题目及解析
- What does the author say we need to do to strengthen our willpower?
A) Keep it under control.
B) Apply it continuously.
C) Learn from entrepreneurs.
D) Aim at success determinedly.
答案：B
解析：原文明确提到“strengthen it with constant exercise”以及“Willpower is just like a muscle; to keep it strong you need to constantly exercise it”，“constantly exercise”即“持续运用”，对应选项B。A项“控制意志力”混淆概念，原文说意志力是控制自己的能力；C项“向企业家学习”原文未提及，仅以企业家成功为例引出话题；D项“坚定地以成功为目标”并非强化意志力的方法，而是意志力带来的结果。
- How are almost half of our daily actions performed according to the passage?
A) Out of habit.
B) With determination.
C) Like muscle building.
D) By self-discipline.
答案：A
解析：原文直接说明“Almost half of our daily actions are part of our habits and not decisions”，即近一半日常行为源于习惯，对应选项A。B项“有决心地”、D项“通过自律”均与“习惯而非决策”不符；C项“像锻炼肌肉”是意志力的比喻，与日常行为无关。
- What will help people stick to doing something constructive automatically?
A) Practising it on a day-to-day basis.
B) Associating it with improving health.
C) Possessing a reasonable amount of talent.
D) Foreseeing the desired outcome it will yield.
答案：D
解析：原文指出“Having a valuable outcome associated with a habit will help you to stick to that habit permanently”，且前文提到“强大的动机是坚持习惯的最佳方式”，“可预见的有价值结果”即强大动机的核心，能让人自动坚持有建设性的事，对应选项D。A项“日常练习”是坚持习惯的行为表现，而非原因；B项“与健康改善相关”仅为举例，并非普遍规律；C项“拥有一定天赋”原文说无天赋也可通过意志力成功，与题干无关。
- How does the art of self-control help us succeed?
A) By allowing us to remain clear-headed permanently.
B) By enabling us to alter our behaviors constantly.
C) By enabling us to take positive actions.
D) By allowing us to avoid taking risks.
答案：C
解析：原文明确说明“Self-control enables you to avoid behaviors that don’t contribute to your success and increase those that do”，“increase those that do”即增加有助于成功的积极行为，对应选项C。A项“始终保持清醒”原文未提及；B项“不断改变行为”表述模糊，原文是“避免消极行为、增加积极行为”而非随意改变；D项“规避风险”原文未提及，属于无中生有。
- Why can it be difficult for us to maintain self-control?
A) Most of us are not in the habit of exercising self-control.
B) We may not get immediate rewards from self-control.
C) Self-control tends to be associated with pains.
D) Self-control only brings about small benefits.
答案：B
解析：原文提到“Because there is a delayed satisfaction associated with self-control, it can be easy to get off track”，“delayed satisfaction”意为“延迟满足”，即无法立即获得回报，这是坚持自律的困难所在，对应选项B。A项“没有自律的习惯”是结果而非原因；C项“自律与痛苦相关”原文未提及；D项“自律只带来小益处”与原文“延迟回报”及“助力成功”相悖。
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Today, most scientific research is funded by government grants, companies doing research and development, and non-profit foundations. As a society, we reap the rewards from this science, but we also help pay for it. You indirectly support science through taxes you pay, products and services you purchase, and donations you make.
Funding for science has changed with the times. Historically, science has been largely supported through private patronage, church sponsorship, or simply paying for the research yourself. Today, researchers are likely to be funded by a mix of grants from various government agencies, institutions, and foundations. Other research is funded by private companies. Such corporate sponsorship is widespread in some fields. Almost 75% of US clinical trials in medicine are paid for by private companies. And, of course, some researchers today still fund small-scale studies out of their own pockets.Most of us can’t afford to do nuclear research as a private hobby, but birdwatchers, rock collectors, and others can do real research on a limited budget.
In a perfect world, money wouldn’t matter — all scientific studies would be completely objective. But in the real world, funding may introduce biases. Drug research sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry is more likely to end up favoring the drug under consideration than studies sponsored by government grants or charitable organizations. Similarly, nutrition research sponsored by the food industry is more likely to end up favoring the food under consideration than independently funded research.
So what should we make of all this? Should we ignore any research funded by companies or special interest groups? Certainly not. These groups provide invaluable funding for scientific research. Furthermore, science has many safeguards in place to catch instances of bias that affect research outcomes. Ultimately, misleading results will be corrected as science proceeds; however, this process takes time. Meanwhile, it pays to examine studies funded by industry or special interest groups with extra care. Are the results consistent with other independently funded studies? What do other scientists have to say about this research? A little examination can go a long way towards identifying bias associated with the funding source.
题目及解析
- What does the passage mainly discuss regarding scientific research?
A) Its foundation.
B) Its rewards.
C) Its prospect.
D) Its funding.
答案：D
解析：全文围绕“科学研究的资金来源”展开，从当下的资金渠道（政府、企业、基金会），到历史上的资助方式，再到资金可能带来的偏见及应对方法，核心主题为“科研资金”，对应选项D。A项“基础”、B项“回报”、C项“前景”均为次要内容，并非主旨。
- What do we learn from the passage about researchers like birdwatchers and rock collectors?
A) They have little access to government funding.
B) They can do research with limited resources.
C) They can do amateur work in their own fields.
D) They have no means for large-scale research.
答案：B
解析：原文明确提到“birdwatchers, rock collectors, and others can do real research on a limited budget”，“limited budget”即“有限资源”，对应选项B。A项“难以获得政府资助”原文未提及；C项“业余工作”与“do real research”（真正的研究）不符；D项“无法进行大规模研究”是对“多数人无法做核研究”的过度延伸，原文未明确说这类研究者完全无能力做大规模研究。
- What would scientific studies look like in a perfect world according to the author?
A) They would be totally unbiased.
B) They would be independently funded.
C) They would be responsibly conducted.
D) They would be strictly supervised.
答案：A
解析：原文直接说明“In a perfect world, money wouldn’t matter — all scientific studies would be completely objective”，“completely objective”即“完全无偏见”，对应选项A。B项“独立资助”原文未提及，完美世界中是“资金无关紧要”而非特定资助方式；C项“负责任地进行”、D项“严格监管”均未在该语境中体现。
- What does the author say about companies and special interest groups?
A) They try hard to pull down the safeguards for research.
B) They make extra efforts to research their own products.
C) They provide valuable resources for scientific research.
D) They reap the most benefits from scientific research.
答案：C
解析：原文明确提到“These groups provide invaluable funding for scientific research”，“invaluable funding”即“宝贵的资源”，对应选项C。A项“试图破坏研究保障措施”原文未提及；B项“额外努力研究自身产品”原文仅说其资助的研究可能偏向自身产品，并非“额外努力研究”；D项“获得最多收益”原文未提及，属于无中生有。
- What does the author think of research funded by industry or special interest groups?
A) Its recommendations should be examined for feasibility.
B) Its misleading results should be corrected in time.
C) Its validity should be checked with additional care.
D) Its hidden biases should be identified independently.
答案：C
解析：原文提到“it pays to examine studies funded by industry or special interest groups with extra care”，“examine with extra care”即“格外谨慎地核查有效性”，对应选项C。A项“核查建议的可行性”原文未提及，强调的是核查研究本身；B项“及时纠正误导性结果”是科学发展的自然过程，并非作者对这类研究的看法；D项“独立识别隐藏偏见”原文说“结合其他独立研究和科学家观点核查”，并非“独立识别”。
第三套
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
It may sound surprising, but you don't have to be interested in fashion, or even in history, to enjoy Dress Codes: How the Laws of Fashion Made History. I happen to be interested in both, and ended up enjoying the book for completely different reasons. Richard Thompson Ford is a law professor, and you probably won't forget that for even one page. His carefully reasoned arguments, packed with examples, sound almost like reading a court opinion, only maybe wordier. You will probably never think of fashion as a trifle again.
Ford’s thesis is that the best way to understand what particular fashions meant in any given era is to look at the restrictions placed on them. Through this lens, he shows us that the first laws passed in the 1200s to ensure that only the nobility were allowed to wear certain fabrics, colors and ornaments reflected the rise of the middle class, who were now able to imitate some of these fashions. The status of the upper classes was threatened; fashion was a tool to preserve it.
Ford takes the reader through the evolution of fashion while examining the underlying motivations of status, sex, power, and personality, which, he assumes, influenced all innovations in fashion in the past and which continue to influence us today. His writing is more than a little dense — dense with research, clauses, and precise adjectives and nouns. But there’s also humor and enough interesting episodes to make the writing appealing. No one is spared his sharp analysis: not the easy targets of 19th century women's crippling fashions nor the modern uniforms of Silicon Valley T-shirts.
But the greatest strength of this book (on fashion!) is its intellectual profoundness. Ford asks us to question unconscious beliefs, to realize that we almost never do so, to understand that the simplest choices are charged with meaning, and yet that meaning can and does change all the time. Consider the fact that a 1918 catalog insisted that boys and girls be dressed in the appropriate color. We believe our thinking today is evolved; Ford shows us it's not.
题目及解析
- What does the author think of the book Dress Codes: How the Laws of Fashion Made History?
A) It is read by people for entirely different reasons.
B) It is meant for those interested in fashion history.
(C) It makes enjoyable as well as informative reading.
D) It converts fashion into something for deliberation.
答案：C
解析：原文提到“无需对时尚或历史感兴趣也能享受这本书”，且作者“因完全不同的原因享受阅读”，同时指出书中“论证严谨、例子丰富”，说明该书既有趣又有内涵，对应选项C。A项“人们因完全不同的原因阅读”是作者的个人经历延伸，并非对书的整体评价；B项“专为时尚历史爱好者设计”与“无需感兴趣也能享受”相悖；D项“将时尚转化为思考对象”是阅读后的结果，而非对书的评价。
- How can people best understand a particular fashion in an era, according to Ford?
A) By examining the restraints imposed on it.
B) By looking at what the nobility were wearing.
C) By glancing at its fabrics, colors and ornaments.
D) By doing a survey of the upper and middle classes.
答案：A
解析：Ford的核心观点为“the best way to understand... is to look at the restrictions placed on them”，“restrictions”与“restraints”为同义替换，即通过研究时尚所受的限制来理解它，对应选项A。B项“看贵族穿什么”、C项“关注面料颜色装饰”是1200年时尚法律的具体内容，并非理解时尚的最佳方式；D项“调查上层和中产阶级”原文未提及。
- What was the aim of the first laws passed regarding fashion in the 1200s?
A) To facilitate the rise of the middle class.
B) To loosen restrictions on dress codes.
C) To help initiate some novel fashions.
D) To preserve the status of the nobles.
答案：D
解析：原文指出1200年的法律“确保只有贵族能穿特定面料、颜色和装饰”，原因是“中产阶级崛起威胁到上层阶级地位，时尚成为维护地位的工具”，可见法律目的是维护贵族地位，对应选项D。A项“促进中产阶级崛起”与原文“中产阶级崛起是威胁”相悖；B项“放宽着装限制”与“法律施加限制”不符；C项“开创新颖时尚”原文未提及。
- What does the author think of Ford’s writing?
A) It uses comparison and contrast in describing fashions of different eras.
B) It makes heavy reading but is not lacking in humor or appeal.
C) It is filled with interesting episodes to spare readers intolerable boredom.
D) It is characteristic of academics in presenting arguments.
答案：B
解析：原文评价“His writing is more than a little dense... But there’s also humor and enough interesting episodes to make the writing appealing”，“dense”意为“晦涩难懂”（即读起来费力），但兼具幽默和吸引力，对应选项B。A项“使用对比手法”原文未提及；C项“充满有趣情节以避免读者无聊”忽略了“晦涩”的特点，表述片面；D项“具有学者论证特点”仅对应“论证严谨”，未涵盖“幽默有吸引力”的评价。
- What does the author say is the greatest strength of Ford’s book?
A) Plentiful information.
B) Meaningful choices.
C) Evolved thinking.
D) Intellectual depth.
答案：D
解析：原文明确提到“the greatest strength of this book... is its intellectual profoundness”，“intellectual profoundness”即“思想深度”，对应选项D。A项“信息丰富”、B项“有意义的选择”、C项“进化的思维”均未被提及为书的最大优势。
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
The art of persuasion means convincing others to agree with your point of view or to follow your course of action. For some of us, persuasion is an instinctive quality and the power of influencing comes naturally. For the rest of us, persuasion skills can be learned and developed over time.
Employers place a great value on employees with persuasion skills because they can impact several aspects of job performance. Besides, teamwork and leadership rely heavily on the power of persuasion to get things done. Without persuasion skills, employees may not be as committed to or convinced of the importance of an organization’s vision and long-term mission. Effective use of persuasion skills will not only help get your coworkers excited about your ideas, it'll also help you motivate them to achieve a common goal.
In order to learn the art of persuasion at the workplace, you need to understand how to handle conflicts and reach agreements. Good communication is the first step in effective persuasion, but logic and reasoning are just as important. Before you can get somebody on-board with your goal, you should help them understand why they should pursue it. Using visual aids to back up your ideas can help communicate your ideas better and make compelling arguments so your listeners will come to a logical choice and become fully committed to your ideas and plans.
Successful persuasion skills are based on your ability to have positive interactions and maintain meaningful relationships with people. In order to sustain those relationships, you must be able to work in their best interests as well. Your coworkers are more likely to agree with you when they succeed alongside you. The more they achieve and the greater progress they make, the more they trust your judgement and strength.
We persuade and get persuaded every day — we're either convincing or being convinced. A vast majority of people prefer collaboration and teamwork over traditional organizational structures; no one likes to be told what to do or to be pushed around. Therefore, organizations and leaders should adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessary changes.
题目及解析
- What does the author say about the ability to be persuasive in the first paragraph?
A) People may either be born with it or be able to cultivate it.
B) It proves crucial in making others follow one’s course of action.
C) It refers to the natural and instinctive power of influencing one’s coworkers.
D) People may view it as both a means to convince others and an art of communication.
答案：A
解析：首段明确提到“对一些人来说，说服力是本能；对另一些人来说，说服力可以通过学习培养”，即“天生具备或后天培养”，对应选项A。B项“让他人遵循自己行动”是说服力的定义，并非对“说服力能力”的评价；C项“仅指天生的影响同事的能力”忽略了“可学习”的特点，表述片面；D项“视为说服他人的手段和沟通艺术”原文未提及。
- Why are persuasion skills greatly valued in the workplace?
A) They enable employees to be convinced of their long-term gains.
B) They enable employees to trust their leaders unconditionally.
C) They help motivate coworkers to strive for a common goal.
D) They help an organization to broaden its vision effectively.
答案：C
解析：原文提到“Effective use of persuasion skills... help you motivate them to achieve a common goal”，且前文说“团队合作和领导力依赖说服力”，可见职场重视说服力的原因是其能激励同事为共同目标努力，对应选项C。A项“让员工相信长期收益”原文未提及；B项“让员工无条件信任领导”表述绝对，原文未提及；D项“帮助企业拓展视野”原文未提及，原文说员工可能不认同企业愿景，而说服力能改变这一情况。
- What should people do to learn the art of persuasion at the workplace?
A) Acquire effective communication skills.
B) Avoid getting involved in conflicts with others.
C) Understand the reason for pursuing their goals.
D) Commit themselves fully to their ideas and plans.
答案：A
解析：原文明确指出“Good communication is the first step in effective persuasion”，即学习职场说服力需掌握有效沟通技巧，对应选项A。B项“避免冲突”与“需要理解如何处理冲突”相悖；C项“理解追求目标的原因”是“让他人认同目标”的前提，并非学习说服力的方法；D项“全力投入自身想法”原文未提及，强调的是让他人认同想法。
- When are you more likely to succeed in persuading your coworkers?
A) When they are convinced you work in their interests while sacrificing your own.
B) When they become aware of the potential strength of the judgements you make.
C) When they become aware of the meaningful relationships you keep with them.
D) When they are convinced they will make achievements together with you.
答案：D
解析：原文提到“Your coworkers are more likely to agree with you when they succeed alongside you”，“succeed alongside you”即“共同取得成就”，对应选项D。A项“相信你为他们利益牺牲自己”原文未提及，仅说“考虑他们的最大利益”；B项“意识到你判断的潜在力量”是共同成功后的结果，而非说服成功的条件；C项“意识到你与他们的有意义关系”是说服的基础，而非直接条件。
- Why are organizations and leaders advised to adopt powerful persuasion skills to bring about necessary changes?
A) To convince employees of the value of collaboration.
B) To allow for the preferences of most people of today.
C) To improve on traditional organizational structures.
D) To adapt to employees’ ever-changing working styles.
答案：B
解析：原文指出原因是“A vast majority of people prefer collaboration and teamwork over traditional organizational structures; no one likes to be told what to do or to be pushed around”，即多数人偏好协作而非命令，采用说服力是顺应这种偏好，对应选项B。A项“让员工相信协作的价值”是结果而非原因；C项“改进传统组织结构”原文未提及，仅说人们偏好不同于传统结构的协作；D项“适应员工不断变化的工作方式”原文未提及。
翻译 Unit4、5、6、8（iExplore2）课后翻译练习
Unit4
英语：The famous 19th century phrase, “less is more,” first noted in an 1855 poem by Robert Browning, is part of a greater context of ideas we see in society today.
翻译：19世纪名言“少即多”，最早记录在罗伯特布朗宁的诗歌中。现在已是我们今天社会大思想的一部分了。
英语：“This approach of taking less in life and focusing more on gaining real-world experience is what makes our minds richer than our bank accounts.”
翻译：这一模式对生活索取更少，更看重积累现实经验，从而让我们思想富有而不是存款增多。
英语：However, most importantly, we value these experiences as real-world teachings that offer an abundance of insight and exposure to how society changes.
翻译：但是更重要的是我们珍视让我们体验真实世界的这些经历，让我们清楚认识、深入了解社会如何变化。
Unit5
一、简答题翻译
-
题目：The sport meeting is being held in our school.
翻译：我们学校正在举办运动会 -
题目：The telephone is being used.
翻译：有人正在使用电话 -
题目：She is being examined by a doctor.
翻译：医生正在给她做检查 -
题目：Money is being collected for the Hope Project.
翻译：人们正在为希望工程筹集资金
二、段落翻译
题目：
How a painter views the world is well reflected in how they depict the landscape from multiple perspectives. Guo Xi put forward the theory of sanyuan to illustrate this: “There are three types of remoteness for a mountain. Viewed from the foot of the mountain to its top, it is remote in height; viewed from the front of the mountain to its back, it is remote in depth; and viewed from the adjacent mountain to the distant mountains in line, it is remote in the horizon.”
翻译：
画家对世界的认知，充分体现在他们从多重视角描绘山水的方式中。郭熙提出“三远法”理论来阐释这一点：“山有三种‘远’的形态——从山脚望向山顶，是‘高远’；从山前望向山后，是‘深远’；从邻近的山望向连成一线的远山，是‘平远’。”
Unit6
一、宾语从句
- 英语：It is enough to say that the game is wildly popular.
翻译：足以证明，此款游戏非常受欢迎。 - 英语：Imagine a smallholder farmer who can discover, easily, that yams are expected to fetch a high price this year.
翻译：例如，农民可轻易地获悉今年的甘薯有望卖个好价钱。
二、表语从句
- 英语：One thing I’ve learned in my work with Microsoft is that the process of innovation tends to take longer than many people expect, but it also tends to be more revolutionary than they imagine.
翻译：在微软工作时，我学会一件事，革新过程通常会比大多数人想像的更耗时，但是也更具革命性。 - 英语：But the point is that before it wasn’t possible, and now it is.
翻译：但重点是，以前这一切是不可能的，而现在一切都成为可能。
三、同位语从句
- 英语：The main problem stems from the fact that agricultural markets, like banks, exist on a formal plane, whereas smallholders exist on an informal one.
翻译：问题的根源在于，农业市场（像银行一样）是规范管理，而小农业主则是非规范化操作。 - 英语：The rapid rise of Pokémon GO has brought to light many of the concerns that cybersecurity experts have been battling for years. Namely, that people do not treat digital consequences the same way they treat real world consequences.
翻译：精灵宝可梦的迅速走红也暴露了许多问题，这些也是网络安全专家多年以来致力解决的问题，即人们处理数字技术带来的问题和现实生活中的问题方式不同。
四、定语从句
- 英语：These teens also used the game’s “lure” feature to attract isolated individuals playing the game to areas that would be densely populated by Pokémon in order to rob them.
翻译：这些青少年也使用游戏中的“诱惑”功能去吸引那些打游戏的人到精灵宝聚集的地区，以便抢劫他们。（that在从句中做主语） - 英语：So farmers are isolated, stuck with no money and no voice that the marketplace can hear.
翻译：所以农民孤立无援，缺乏资金，市场也听不到他们的声音。（that 在从句中作宾语） - 英语：Building a digital agriculture system that actually accomplishes these goals will take innovation and investment.
翻译：建立一个数字化农业系统，实实在在地达到这些目标，是需要创新、需要投资的。（that 在从句中做主语）
Unit8(重点)
-
中文：据报道，82%的中国高校开设了创新创业课程。
英语：It is reported that 82% of universities and colleges in China have opened innovation and entrepreneurship courses. -
中文：以清华大学为例。
英语：Take Tsinghua University as an example. -
中文：清华大学致力于推动学生参与创新创业。
英语：Tsinghua University strives to enhance students’ involvement in innovation and entrepreneurship. -
中文：学校建立了数个平台确保学生能够获得校园创业资源。
英语：The university has built several platforms to ensure students' access to on-campus entrepreneurship resources. -
中文：比如，设立在经济管理学院的x-lab平台为具有创业抱负的学生提供商业领域的专门知识。
英语：For example, the x-lab in the School of Economics and Management provides business expertise to ambitious students. -
中文：学校还开设了不少跨学科课程，旨在推动不同学科背景的学生之间开展富有成效的合作。
英语：The university has also opened several cross-disciplinary courses, aiming to promote productive collaboration between students from diverse disciplinary backgrounds.
写作
- 三套都是这个:是否开放大学的xxx
说明：假设你的大学正在征求学生对大学图书馆/体育设施/食堂是否应该向公众开放的意见。
现在你需要写一篇作文来表达你的观点。应该写至少120个单词，但不超过180个单词。
图书馆的例文：
Should University Libraries Be Open to the Public
Nowadays, whether university libraries should be open to the public has become a heated topic. Different people have different opinions. As far as I am concerned, university libraries can be open to the public under certain conditions.
On the one hand, opening university libraries to the public can bring many benefits. First, it can help make better use of educational resources. Some people outside the university, such as local residents, may want to study or read books, and the library can provide them with a quiet and good learning environment. Second, it can promote lifelong learning and improve the cultural level of society. On the other hand, there are also some problems. If too many people enter the library, seats and books may not be enough for students. In addition, it may increase the pressure on library management.
In conclusion, I believe university libraries should be open to the public with proper rules, such as time limits or registration, so that both students and the public can benefit.