概述
Nginx 配置中location和proxy_pass指令的不同组合方式及其对请求转发路径的影响。
配置效果
1.location和proxy_pass都带斜杠/
location /api/ { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/; }- 访问地址:
www.hw.com/api/upload - 转发地址:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/upload
转发地址不带 location 匹配目录 /api/
2.location不带斜杠,proxy_pass带斜杠/
location /api { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/; }- 访问地址:
www.hw.com/api/upload - 转发地址:
http://127.0.0.1:8080//upload
转发地址会多带 /
3.location带斜杠,proxy_pass不带斜杠
location /api/ { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; }- 访问地址:
www.hw.com/api/upload - 转发地址:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/upload
转发地址会带 location 匹配目录 /api/
4.location和proxy_pass都不带斜杠
location /api { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; }- 访问地址:
www.hw.com/api/upload - 转发地址:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/upload
转发地址会带 location 匹配目录 /api/
5.location和proxy_pass都带斜杠/,但proxy_pass带地址
location /api/ { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/server/; }- 访问地址:
www.hw.com/api/upload - 转发地址:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/server/upload
转发地址不带 location 匹配目录 /api/
6.location不带斜杠,proxy_pass带斜杠/,但proxy_pass带地址
location /api { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/server/; }- 访问地址:
www.hw.com/api/upload - 转发地址:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/server//upload
转发地址不带 location 匹配目录 /api/ ,会多带 /
7.location带斜杠,proxy_pass不带斜杠,但proxy_pass带地址
location /api/ { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/server; }- 访问地址:
www.hw.com/api/upload - 转发地址:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/serverupload
转发地址不带 location 匹配目录 /api/ 直接进行了替换
8.location和proxy_pass都不带斜杠,但proxy_pass带地址
location /api { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/server; }- 访问地址:
www.hw.com/api/upload - 转发地址:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/server/upload
转发地址不带 location 匹配目录 /api
总结
- 当
proxy_pass代理地址端口后有目录(包括/),转发后地址为:代理地址 + 访问 URL 目录部分去除location匹配目录。 - 当
proxy_pass代理地址端口后无任何内容,转发后地址为:代理地址 + 访问 URL 目录部分(包括location地址)。
场景示例
upstream backend_name_hw { server 10.10.10.10:32323 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=2; } server { listen 80; server_name hw.test.com; client_max_body_size 1024m; client_body_timeout 12; client_header_timeout 12; keepalive_timeout 15; send_timeout 10; location / { proxy_pass http://backend_name_hw; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } location /hello { proxy_pass http://backend_name_hw/hello; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } }location /hw/ { proxy_pass http://hw-nginx/index.html; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; }location /hwhw/ { proxy_pass http://hw-nginx/; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; }location /hw/hi/ { proxy_pass http://hw-nginx/hello/index.html; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; }location /hello/index.html { proxy_pass http://hw-nginx; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; }