大力分讨得到若干限制，枚举左端点，可行的右端点是一段区间，RMQ 即可，可删双指针可以做到线性。
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#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull;
// typedef __int128 i128;
typedef pair<int, int> pii;
const int N = 5e5 + 10, mod = 998244353;
template<typename T>
void dbg(const T &t) { cout << t << endl; }
template<typename Type, typename... Types>
void dbg(const Type& arg, const Types&... args) {cout << arg << ' ';dbg(args...);
}
namespace Loop1st {
int n, mid = 0;
ll a[N], u[N], d[N], s1[N], s2[N], t1[N], t2[N];
ll ask(int l, int r, int ex) {if (l > ex) return 1; if (l > mid) {mid = r;s1[mid + 1] = -(1ll << 60); s2[mid + 1] = 1ll << 60;for (int i = mid; i >= l; i--) s1[i] = max(s1[i + 1], d[i]), s2[i] = min(s2[i + 1], u[i]);t1[mid] = -(1ll << 60); t2[mid] = 1ll << 60;}if (r > mid) t1[r] = max(t1[r - 1], d[r]), t2[r] = min(t2[r - 1], u[r]);if (!ex) return max(s1[l], t1[r]) < min(s2[l], t2[r]);else return max(max(s1[l], t1[r]), d[ex]) < min(min(s2[l], t2[r]), u[ex]);
}
void main() {cin >> n;for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {cin >> a[i];u[i] = 1ll << 60;d[i] = -(1ll << 60);}for (int i = 2; i < n; i++) {if (a[i] >= max(a[i - 1], a[i + 1])) d[i] = a[i] + min(a[i - 1], a[i + 1]);if (a[i] <= min(a[i - 1], a[i + 1])) u[i] = a[i] + max(a[i - 1], a[i + 1]);}ll ans = 0;for (int l = 1, r = 1; l < n; l++) {if (r < l) r = l - 1;while (r < n && ask(l + 1, r - 1, r)) r++;if (ask(l + 1, r - 1, 0)) ans += r - l;}cout << ans << '\n';
}}
int main() {// freopen("data.in", "r", stdin);// freopen("data.out", "w", stdout);ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);int T = 1;// cin >> T;while (T--) Loop1st::main();return 0;
}